The four main design principles of minimalism are:

Choose an action-oriented approach. Users typically want to do things. This principle reflects the use-centeredness of minimalism
Anchor the tool in the task domain. A tool is a means to an end. This principle asks designers to select training tasks that are meaningful for the user.
Support error recognition and recovery. To err is human. There are several ways to increase user competence and comfort levels in handling mistakes. 
Support reading to do, study and locate. Designs must fit as much as possible the diverging needs and propensities of the intended audience. This principle reflects the user-centeredness of minimalism.